Periodic table with electron affinity values is shown above. The values of electron affinity are given in kJ/mol. Values in parentheses ( ) are predicted values.
Electron affinity is the amount of energy change (ΔE) that occurs when an electron is added in the outermost shell of an isolated gaseous atom.
In other words, when the electron is added to a neutral atom, the energy is either released or absorbed. And this amount of energy change (ΔE) is called electron affinity.
This energy change (ΔE) can be positive, negative or zero.
And the sign of Electron Affinity (EEA) is opposite to the sign of energy change (ΔE).
EEA = – (ΔE)
In simple words, if ΔE is positive, then EEA will be negative. And if ΔE is negative, then EEA will be positive.
Points to remember:
- For exothermic reaction (i.e when energy is released), the change in energy (ΔE) is negative. Hence the sign of Electron Affinity (EEA) will be positive.
- For endothermic reaction (i.e when energy is absorbed), the change in energy (ΔE) is positive. Hence the sign of Electron Affinity (EEA) will be negative.
- For neutral process (i.e when energy is neither absorbed nor released), the value of Electron Affinity (EEA) will be zero.
More the positive values of Electron Affinity (EEA), more is the energy released.
Halogens on the periodic table shows more positive values of Electron Affinity (EEA). Hence they indicate that more energy is released when an electron is added to the neutral atom.
Electron Affinity Values of All Elements
| Atomic number | Elements | Electron affinity (kJ/mol) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Electron affinity of Hydrogen (H) | 72.78 |
| 2 | Electron affinity of Helium (He) | (-48) |
| 3 | Electron affinity of Lithium (Li) | 59.63 |
| 4 | Electron affinity of Beryllium (Be) | (-48) |
| 5 | Electron affinity of Boron (B) | 26.99 |
| 6 | Electron affinity of Carbon (C) | 121.77 |
| 7 | Electron affinity of Nitrogen (N) | -6.8 |
| 8 | Electron affinity of Oxygen (O) | 140.98 |
| 9 | Electron affinity of Fluorine (F) | 328.16 |
| 10 | Electron affinity of Neon (Ne) | (-116) |
| 11 | Electron affinity of Sodium (Na) | 52.87 |
| 12 | Electron affinity of Magnesium (Mg) | (-40) |
| 13 | Electron affinity of Aluminum (Al) | 41.76 |
| 14 | Electron affinity of Silicon (Si) | 134.06 |
| 15 | Electron affinity of Phosphorus (P) | 72.04 |
| 16 | Electron affinity of Sulfur (S) | 200.4 |
| 17 | Electron affinity of Chlorine (Cl) | 348.57 |
| 18 | Electron affinity of Argon (Ar) | (-96) |
| 19 | Electron affinity of Potassium (K) | 48.38 |
| 20 | Electron affinity of Calcium (Ca) | 2.37 |
| 21 | Electron affinity of Scandium (Sc) | 18 |
| 22 | Electron affinity of Titanium (Ti) | 7.28 |
| 23 | Electron affinity of Vanadium (V) | 50.91 |
| 24 | Electron affinity of Chromium (Cr) | 65.21 |
| 25 | Electron affinity of Manganese (Mn) | (-50) |
| 26 | Electron affinity of Iron (Fe) | 14.78 |
| 27 | Electron affinity of Cobalt (Co) | 63.89 |
| 28 | Electron affinity of Nickel (Ni) | 111.65 |
| 29 | Electron affinity of Copper (Cu) | 119.23 |
| 30 | Electron affinity of Zinc (Zn) | (-58) |
| 31 | Electron affinity of Gallium (Ga) | 29.06 |
| 32 | Electron affinity of Germanium (Ge) | 118.93 |
| 33 | Electron affinity of Arsenic (As) | 77.65 |
| 34 | Electron affinity of Selenium (Se) | 194.95 |
| 35 | Electron affinity of Bromine (Br) | 324.53 |
| 36 | Electron affinity of Krypton (Kr) | (-96) |
| 37 | Electron affinity of Rubidium (Rb) | 46.88 |
| 38 | Electron affinity of Strontium (Sr) | 5.02 |
| 39 | Electron affinity of Yttrium (Y) | 29.6 |
| 40 | Electron affinity of Zirconium (Zr) | 41.8 |
| 41 | Electron affinity of Niobium (Nb) | 88.51 |
| 42 | Electron affinity of Molybdenum (Mo) | 72.10 |
| 43 | Electron affinity of Technetium (Tc) | (53) |
| 44 | Electron affinity of Ruthenium (Ru) | (100.27) |
| 45 | Electron affinity of Rhodium (Rh) | 110.27 |
| 46 | Electron affinity of Palladium (Pd) | 54.24 |
| 47 | Electron affinity of Silver (Ag) | 125.86 |
| 48 | Electron affinity of Cadmium (Cd) | (-68) |
| 49 | Electron affinity of Indium (In) | 37.04 |
| 50 | Electron affinity of Tin (Sn) | 107.29 |
| 51 | Electron affinity of Antimony (Sb) | 101.05 |
| 52 | Electron affinity of Tellurium (Te) | 190.16 |
| 53 | Electron affinity of Iodine (I) | 295.15 |
| 54 | Electron affinity of Xenon (Xe) | (-77) |
| 55 | Electron affinity of Cesium (Cs) | 45.5 |
| 56 | Electron affinity of Barium (Ba) | 13.95 |
| 57 | Electron affinity of Lanthanum (La) | 53.79 |
| 58 | Electron affinity of Cerium (Ce) | 55 |
| 59 | Electron affinity of Praseodymium (Pr) | 10.53 |
| 60 | Electron affinity of Neodymium (Nd) | 9.4 |
| 61 | Electron affinity of Promethium (Pm) | (12.45) |
| 62 | Electron affinity of Samarium (Sm) | (15.63) |
| 63 | Electron affinity of Europium (Eu) | 11.2 |
| 64 | Electron affinity of Gadolinium (Gd) | (13.22) |
| 65 | Electron affinity of Terbium (Tb) | 12.67 |
| 66 | Electron affinity of Dysprosium (Dy) | (33.96) |
| 67 | Electron affinity of Holmium (Ho) | (32.61) |
| 68 | Electron affinity of Erbium (Er) | (30.1) |
| 69 | Electron affinity of Thulium (Tm) | 99 |
| 70 | Electron affinity of Ytterbium (Yb) | (-1.93) |
| 71 | Electron affinity of Lutetium (Lu) | 23.04 |
| 72 | Electron affinity of Hafnium (Hf) | 17.18 |
| 73 | Electron affinity of Tantalum (Ta) | 31 |
| 74 | Electron affinity of Tungsten (W) | 78.76 |
| 75 | Electron affinity of Rhenium (Re) | 5.82 |
| 76 | Electron affinity of Osmium (Os) | 104 |
| 77 | Electron affinity of Iridium (Ir) | 150.94 |
| 78 | Electron affinity of Platinum (Pt) | 205.04 |
| 79 | Electron affinity of Gold (Au) | 222.75 |
| 80 | Electron affinity of Mercury (Hg) | (-48) |
| 81 | Electron affinity of Thallium (Tl) | 30.88 |
| 82 | Electron affinity of Lead (Pb) | 34.41 |
| 83 | Electron affinity of Bismuth (Bi) | 90.92 |
| 84 | Electron affinity of Polonium (Po) | (136) |
| 85 | Electron affinity of Astatine (At) | 233 |
| 86 | Electron affinity of Radon (Rn) | (-68) |
| 87 | Electron affinity of Francium (Fr) | (46.89) |
| 88 | Electron affinity of Radium (Ra) | (9.64) |
| 89 | Electron affinity of Actinium (Ac) | (33.77) |
| 90 | Electron affinity of Thorium (Th) | (112.72) |
| 91 | Electron affinity of Protactinium (Pa) | (53.03) |
| 92 | Electron affinity of Uranium (U) | (50.94) |
| 93 | Electron affinity of Neptunium (Np) | (45.85) |
| 94 | Electron affinity of Plutonium (Pu) | (-48.33) |
| 95 | Electron affinity of Americium (Am) | (9.93) |
| 96 | Electron affinity of Curium (Cm) | (27.17) |
| 97 | Electron affinity of Berkelium (Bk) | (-165.24) |
| 98 | Electron affinity of Californium (Cf) | (-97.31) |
| 99 | Electron affinity of Einsteinium (Es) | (-28.6) |
| 100 | Electron affinity of Fermium (Fm) | (33.96) |
| 101 | Electron affinity of Mendelevium (Md) | (93.91) |
| 102 | Electron affinity of Nobelium (No) | (-223.22) |
| 103 | Electron affinity of Lawrencium (Lr) | (-30.04) |
| 104 | Electron affinity of Rutherfordium (Rf) | unknown |
| 105 | Electron affinity of Dubnium (Db) | unknown |
| 106 | Electron affinity of Seaborgium (Sg) | unknown |
| 107 | Electron affinity of Bohrium (Bh) | unknown |
| 108 | Electron affinity of Hassium (Hs) | unknown |
| 109 | Electron affinity of Meitnerium (Mt) | unknown |
| 110 | Electron affinity of Darmstadtium (Ds) | unknown |
| 111 | Electron affinity of Roentgenium (Rg) | (151) |
| 112 | Electron affinity of Copernicium (Cn) | unknown |
| 113 | Electron affinity of Nihonium (Nh) | (66.6) |
| 114 | Electron affinity of Flerovium (Fl) | unknown |
| 115 | Electron affinity of Moscovium (Mc) | (35.3) |
| 116 | Electron affinity of Livermorium (Lv) | (74.9) |
| 117 | Electron affinity of Tennessine (Ts) | (165.9) |
| 118 | Electron affinity of Oganesson (Og) | (5.403) |
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External links:
Electron affinity of elements: Wikipedia
